![]() ![]() ![]() Otto I crowned Holy Roman Emperor by Pope John XII (962).Ramla is the only city in the Land of Israel that was originally founded by Muslims ![]() Vikings and Danes attack Britain (988–999). Hugh Capet elected King of France in 987 Capetian dynasty to rule until 1328. Eric the Red establishes first Viking colony in Greenland (982). 950–999 Mieczyslaw I becomes first ruler of Poland (960). Arab Spain under Abd ar-Rahman III becomes center of learning (912–961). 900–949 Beginning of Mayan Post-Classical period (900–1519). Russian nation founded by Vikings under Prince Rurik, establishing capital at Novgorod (855–879). Alfred the Great becomes king of Britain (871), defeats Danish invaders (878). 850–899 Norsemen attack as far south as the Mediterranean but are thwarted (859), discover Iceland (861). Arabs conquer Crete, Sicily, and Sardinia (826–827). Charlemagne dies (814), succeeded by his son, Louis the Pious, who divides France among his sons (817). 800–849 Charlemagne crowned first Holy Roman Emperor in Rome (800). Vikings begin attacks on Britain (790), land in Ireland (795). Caliph Harun al-Rashid rules Arab empire (786–809): the “golden age” of Arab culture. 750–799 Charlemagne becomes king of the Franks (771). Introduction of pagodas in Japan from China. Charles Martel, Frankish leader, defeats Arabs at Tours/Poitiers, halting Arab advance in Europe (732). 700–749 Arab empire extends from Lisbon to China (by 716). 650–699 Arabs attack North Africa (670), destroy Carthage (697). Arabs conquer Jerusalem (637), conquer Persians (641). 600–649 Mohammed flees from Mecca to Medina (the Hegira) first year of the Muslim calendar (622). After killing about half the population, plague in Europe subsides (594). Augustine of Canterbury brings Christianity to Britain (597). 550–599 Beginnings of European silk industry after Justinian's missionaries smuggle silkworms out of China (553). Arthur, semi-legendary king of the Britons (killed, c. Plague spreads through Europe ( 542 et seq.). Justinian I, the Great (483–565), becomes Byzantine emperor (527), issues his first code of civil laws (529), conquers North Africa, Italy, and part of Spain. 500–549 Eastern and western churches reconciled (519). First schism between western and eastern churches ( A.D. Clovis, ruler of the Franks, is converted to Christianity ( A.D. Ostrogothic kingdom of Italy established by Theodoric the Great ( A.D. Western Roman empire ends as Odoacer, German chieftain, overthrows last Roman emperor, Romulus Augustulus, and becomes king of Italy ( A.D. 432) and brings Christianity to the island. Attila, Hun chieftain, attacks Roman provinces ( A.D. Alaric, king of the Visigoths, sacks Rome ( A.D. 400–449 Western Roman empire disintegrates under weak emperors. 395: western empire ruled from Rome eastern empire ruled from Constantinople. 392–395)-last emperor of a united Roman empire. 325) defines orthodox Christian doctrine. 313) becomes a Christian on his deathbed ( A.D. 330) issues Edict of Milan legalizing Christianity ( A.D. 312–337) reunites eastern and western Roman empires, with new capital (Constantinople) on site of Byzantium ( A.D. 300–349 Constantine the Great (rules A.D. 250–900) develop hieroglyphic writing, advances in art, architecture, science. Classic period of Mayan civilization ( A.D. 250–299 Increasing invasions of the Roman empire by Franks and Goths. Persian (Sassanid) empire re-established. Roman persecutions of Christians increase. Oldest Mayan temples in Central America (c. 150–199 Marcus Aurelius rules Rome ( A.D. 122–135) final Diaspora (dispersion) of Jews begins. 117–138) codifies Roman law, rebuilds Pantheon, establishes postal system, builds wall between England and Scotland. 98–116) Roman empire extends to Mesopotamia, Arabia, Balkans. Roman persecutions of Christians begin ( A.D. Jews revolt against Rome Jerusalem destroyed ( A.D. Missionary journeys of Paul the Apostle ( A.D. 54), succeeded by Nero (commits suicide, A.D. Buddhism introduced to China.ĥ0–99 Claudius poisoned ( A.D. Han dynasty in China founded by Emperor Kuang Wu Ti. ![]() 37), succeeded by Caligula (assassinated, A.D. After Augustus, Tiberius becomes emperor (dies, A.D. 1–49 Birth of Jesus Christ (variously given from 4 B.C. ![]()
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